Which is why anything scientific is proofed by consensus i.e.many people peer reviewing proving what ever theory is proposed. Science isn't done in a bubble. No one person has the right to prove something right or wrong until it is peer reviewed. Which is why listening to one person on any scientific study is a very bad idea
Actually no, not really. Consensus has very little to do with anything. It's a functional buzzword, but that's really about it.
Most papers that are peer reviewed are reviewed by a whopping total of four people, maybe five. Those individuals are generally speaking:
1. Journal editor
2. (maybe) assistant journal editor though in my experience it's one or the other, lead or assistant (if the journal even has assistant editors)
3-5. Three anonymous reviewers.
I don't count four people as equating to many.
Comments are provided back to the author in most cases, very rarely none, and revisions need to be done before the editor will accept or approve the paper. Those revisions may be quite minor (spelling, punctuation, incorrect references) or may be substantial where the data needs to be re-formatted or even re-analyzed in a suitable fashion.
Now the hope is that the Journal editor and the anonymous reviewers are knowledgeable, judicious, fair and thorough. To get to the point of being an editor or even a reviewer you have to be generally well respected and usually well published in your field. So we presume that the reviewers are that. But judicious, fair and thorough are unfortunately often quite suspect. There are a great many fields where papers are submitted and are crap - many should have been outright rejected and weren't. Many papers get published and revised. Some get published and subsequently retracted. You don't hear much about that.
What's never acknowledged is that there is inherent bias in the process. That's regardless of the field. You hope it's not true but it is in most cases - the reviewers know the authors or have even published with them on occasion (happens in many small fields where the number of reviewers can be limited). Many reviewers are lazy or aren't provided with the data to actually run the analyses on their own, so rarely does that aspect even get checked in peer review. It's quite frankly uncommon if not nearly unheard of for the reviewers to be provided with the data at all.
As for consensus, that runs completely counter to science. You have something widely accepted but consensus dictates, or at the very least, should dictate nothing. Public opinion is consensus and I presume you know what value a consensus has on this hockey board on many subjects alone? I'm quite certain with your depth of knowledge in scouting and contacts you can think of multiple opinions on HFJets that were widely accepted as consensus and were vastly wrong. Just look at the "consensus" opinions during drafts alone. Drafting and hockey aren't quite the same as science (I'm trying to be gentle here) but the rationale applies.
A peer reviewed paper isn't infallible. Peer review doesn't make something correct beyond re-examination, it never should. Peer review is a single, simple step to say "yes, we've had presumed experts in the field look this over and they've deemed it to be reasonably written and provides additional knowledge to the field". That's all it means. It doesn't mean no one can contest it, it doesn't even mean the paper is actually accurate. Try to find out how many papers out there have un-reproducible results - it's a major problem when people try and go back and duplicate results. In every field. Think Andrew Wakefield and The Lancet, one of the most widely trusted (peer reviewed) medical journals in the world. It took 12 years to retract that paper.
Lancet retracts 12-year-old article linking autism to MMR vaccines
The public has been lead to believe that peer review is infallible. Anyone that claims that should be suspect because they should damn well know better. It's the best system we currently have but it's far, far from perfect.