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NHL gives up some of that right by virtue of having a CBA, so the NHLPA gets a say.
The Montreal Canadiens are just a franchise of the NHL. That's all they are. Just like the independently owned and operated McDonald's down the street from you, they have to follow the franchiser's rules to remain a franchise.
Bettman's job is to maximize the franchise values and revenues of the league. Period. If he and the BOG thought that was best done by taking 100% of local revenue and redistributing, they would, but that's not the right answer. So they have to figure out what the right balance is, but don't mistake what they have the power to do and what makes sense to do.
The only thing that makes the NHL model different than McDonalds is the limited # of franchises give each franchise owner substantial power in the decision making of the franchiser, so decisions end up being slightly suboptimal for the franchiser to keep the top producing franchises happy.
The McDonald's analogy doesn't hold whatsoever. McD's is a for-profit corporation with all the marketing, production, etc, under it's control. It chooses to distribute its products through franchisees.
The NHL is a consortium of 30 owners, who employ the central group to manage their collective effort. The group owns the rights to any given franchise, but the owners employ Bettman-- not the other way around. Bettman's job is not to maximize franchise revenues per se, but to ensure that the league functions, per their own rules, in producing a sports entertainment product. He basically leads that part of the league where collective interests exist. The individual owners strive to maximize their own franchise values, which at times may mean the others (via the league) have to agree to rules and such to govern these actions (interference, ownership limited to one team, tampering, etc.).
And I categorically refuse to accept your premise that Bettman could lead an effort that would 'confiscate' the entire revenues of any one team, other than by means where they legally can basically boot an owner and assume ownership of the franchise.
Do you really think they could do this without compensating the owner, from a legal perspective where there was no wrongdoing? Remember what an owner gets when he buys a team in a given market--- the rights to that market.