Mentioned this on the Oilers board already: I completely tore my PCL (grade 3 tear) sliding into the boards during a beer league game in October and have seen several sports medicine doctors and orthopaedic surgeons to discuss options. The gist of what I’ve learned is this:
- PCL injuries are very rare because the ligament is twice as strong as the ACL, so it takes tremendous force to tear the PCL. The PCL is located in the back of the knee and PCL injuries happen when there's a massive impact to the front of a bent knee i.e., hitting your knee against the dashboard in a car accident, sliding into the boards, or having someone fall or roll into the front of your shin while running.
- Fully torn PCLs never heal completely on their own. If you don’t have surgery, you just live without your PCL.
- Whether you need surgery depends on whether other ligaments were damaged as well and how unstable your knee is. In my situation, the other ligaments and cartilage were OK, and my instability wasn’t too bad, so the doctors recommended I do rehab instead of surgery. I was told that as the knee only bends in one direction, the PCL only provides about 10% of the stability you need to walk/run, so you don't always need surgery. The ACL provides far more stability, so a torn ACL requires surgery basically immediately.
- PCL injury rehab involves a lot of quad and hip exercises. These muscles pull the shin bone (tibia) forward after a torn PCL causes the shin bone to sag backwards.
- The biggest risk with a torn PCL is it eventually might lead to arthritis (and eventual knee replacement surgery) because of stresses on the knee joints from different load-bearing. Higher risk of arthritis if you also had cartilage damage.
- PCL surgeries are risky and complicated as it involves going in through the back of the knee and most surgeons rarely do them. Even with surgery, it’s not entirely clear whether you’ll recover properly or avoid arthritis. After PCL surgery, it takes 9-12 months of intensive rehab to return to sports. Surgical replacement of a fully torn PCL involves taking ligament tissue from your own body (e.g., thigh) or a cadaver donor, cutting open the back of your knee and cutting away your torn PCL, and stitching in the new ligament to your bones. Surgery typically only takes you one grade “up” i.e., from a grade 2 tear (severe partial tear) to a grade 1 tear (minor partial tear with a feeling of “looseness” in the knee) or from a grade 3 to a grade 2 tear.
- The pain never really goes away, or at least it takes a long, long time (years). I still feel very sharp pains in the back of my knee during some lateral movements, and my entire knee goes numb for a while if I tweak it.
Rehab’s been pretty gruelling but for me the 2 most nerve-wracking things are: 1) will I ever be able to play hockey and basketball again without pain and 2) will I eventually get arthritis and need a knee replacement?