If you also want a health answer, anything that goes within an ear will cause sensorineural hearing loss. Or hearing loss which is not repairable.
In terms of a list in wanting to reduce any type of hearing loss; speakers are the best, then are over the ear headphones, regular headphones, and finally the worst, in-ear buds.
Now if you love music and want the best sound possible, over the ear headphones with a wire or cord is greatest you can get. Almost every headphone company makes a professional brand which can cost around 1,000 to 5k, which is something like Metallica would use.
Then they have drop off models which fit in certain price ranges depending on what you want. For musical quality, bluetooth wireless are the worst and some are overpriced like Beats and Bose, while others face reliability questions like some of the Sony.
Personally speaking I love music and even made some myself with my friends. I wanted not only a headphone which gives off great quality of sound, but something I could watch movies with, play games with, and have some drowning outside sources out ability. I found out the good way, that Audio Technica makes wonderful "all-purpose" headphones. I have one, ATH-910 Pro (wired) model, which I have had a little over thirteen years. And YES it is still working, just lately, about a year or so, the ear bands have been peeling off and the head adjustment is too loose if you want to headbang. But this headphone has been beat up by me a little over a decade. It's just insane the durability of them, including me accidentally kicking out or stepping on cords when they were plugged in all kinds of technology. A good 99 dollars well spent in the year 2003, had a countless amount of memories using them which is priceless.
Recently, though I went the next step and wanting a hybrid type of headphone. I still wanted an "all purpose" functionality, but with a more advanced "all purpose" agenda. This specific agenda is wanting a headphone which could be used as a bluetooth wireless headset and as a wired/cord headphone when the battery runs out of life. I spent some money on Audio-Technica model ATH-S700BT and for the last couple of weeks been testing them out. So far it has been amazing, I get the freedom of not having wires, but a good amount of quality as well. I am quite surprised how good the sound is when using the bluetooth function. This is after buying three other sets of bluetooth headphones and experiencing a such distaste and buzzing sound with them. I am looking at you Sony, Sennheiser, and Philips.
I have been so surprised by the bluetooth quality of the Audio-Technica's, that I have only plugged them into my laptop less than three to four times during these weeks. Yes it's not a perfect headphone and some of the syncing processes are quite ridiculous. And I highly doubt the durability of newer technology regardless of the company is NOT as good as it was in the past, but I am pretty sure that this is going to be another 120 bucks well spent!